• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Pre-fabricated prefabricated plate with internal arch structure and forged structure built on said plate. Prefabricated and authoritative structural plate, characterized by having an arch or vault structure inside with a curved blade, tied with another blade. It is used supported on its two starting edges of the arch, to save a light and receive loads fundamentally on its upper surface. By joining these plates together, a surface structure is obtained for floors or building decks. The invention can be constructed with any of the following technologies of structural materials that allow the production of sheets and sheets: wood, laminated steel, mixed steel-concrete, sheet metal and plastic or composites of fiber-reinforced plastics. The advantages of this plate are its lower weight, its better structural behavior because the deformation recorded by the arch or vault when entering service, work, economic and occupational safety are negligible. (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2632027A1
    申请号:ES201630263
    申请日:2016-03-07
    公开日:2017-09-07
    发明作者:José Carlos SALCEDO HERNÁNDEZ
    申请人:Universidad de Extremadura；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION


    PRE-MANUFACTURED PRE-MANUFACTURED PLATE WITH INTERIOR ARC STRUCTURE AND BUILT-FORGED STRUCTURE BASED ON SUCH BASE 5


    Technical Field of the Invention

    The present invention corresponds to the technical field of construction, specifically to the structures 10 used in this field.

    Background of the invention

    In the current state of the art there are numerous types of structural plates or panels, with 15 different materials such as reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, steel, wood, etc., but all of them are based on their structural work at the time of bending.

    On the other hand, arches and vaults are construction structures known since ancient times, but which had not been used to build pre-fabricated plates or panels 20 self-supporting.

    Description of the invention

    The present invention is a prefabricated and self-supporting structural plate or panel, characterized by having an arc or vault structure obtained with a curved sheet, secured with another sheet. This plate or panel is used supported on its two arc start edges, to save a light and receive loads mainly on its upper surface. By joining these plates together, a surface structure is obtained, for floors or roofs, horizontal or inclined. 30

    It consists of the following fundamental elements:

    1. A sturdy sheet forming an arc, arranged inside the plate. This sheet may have constant or variable thickness, and is sized for the actions to which the plate will be subjected.
    2. A sturdy bottom strip of tie rod, which joins the arc sheet starts and fastens its thrusts.
    3. Two plate edge pieces arranged on the two opposite sides of the arc starter, which serve to support the plate assembly. 40
    4. A filler material on the arc sheet, which serves to provide a flat surface on the arch, stiffen the assembly, and which may or may not collaborate on the resistant paper.

    In addition, you can count on all or any of the following elements, to improve your structural behavior or make it compatible with other construction systems: 45

    5. An upper floor sheet located above the arc sheet, which serves to provide a flat surface on the arch, stiffen the assembly and which can collaborate on the resistant paper.
    6. A filler material under the arch sheet, which serves to stiffen the assembly and provide the insulation plate, and which can collaborate in the resistant paper.
    7. Arc reinforcement sheets, arranged attached and attached to the arch sheet, to give it greater strength and rigidity. 5
    8. Reinforcement ribs of the arch, arranged perpendicularly to the arch sheet, to give it greater strength and rigidity.
    9. Connecting elements between the lower tie plate and the inner arc sheet, designed to stiffen the lower sheet and be able to receive actions hanging from the lower surface of the plate.
    10. Rigidizers on the free edges of the plate, or inside, so that the plate resists another 10 actions during transport, assembly and installation on site.
    11. Drilling through the surface of the plate, for the passage of facilities and other construction systems.
    12. Perforations or interruptions in the lower tie plate, for the passage of facilities and other construction systems. fifteen
    13. Perimeter connectors of the plate on its perimeter and upper surface, in the case where concrete is to be poured to form the structure.

    The inner arc resistant sheet can have any of the state-of-the-art lines, to adapt to the loads to which the structure will be subjected: Circular lowered arch, 20 elliptical arch, parabolic arch, catenary arch, pointed arch, triangular arc, etc., which can be symmetric or asymmetric.

    Likewise, the inner arc resistant sheet can have constant thickness or variable thickness and can be reinforced with ribs, all sized according to calculations to suit the 25 loads to which the structure will be subjected.

    Materials:

    The invention can be constructed with any of the following structural materials technologies that allow to obtain sheets and sheets:

    A. Wood.
    B. Rolled steel.
    C. Mixed steel-concrete. 35
    D. Metal sheets.
    E. Plastics or plastic composites reinforced with fibers.

    It can also be built by combining the indicated materials.
     40
    Some of the preferred embodiments of the invention are included in the text and illustrations.

    Structural Systems:

    The panel thus constructed, in any of its embodiments, rests on the structure by two of its 45 ends (by the edge pieces), saves a light and serves to receive actions as if it were a biapolated plate. By means of its inner structure, working the compressive arch resistant sheet, it transmits compression forces to the supports only, without lateral thrusts.
    The structure of the construction is done in situ by joining the prefabricated plates described to each other and to the main structure of the construction, following one of the following schemes:

    A. Isostatic slab: Assembly of the plates object of the invention by simple support in a main structure 5, which can be of walls, or of porticos of pillars and beams, of different materials, according to the general state of the art.
    B. Forged assembly: Assembly of the plates object of the invention by simple support in a main structure and with joints between the edges of the plates and / or between the plates and the main structure, according to the general state of the art, such as bolted joints, welding, gluing, 10 etc, depending on the technology of the plate material, which gives continuity to the structure.
    C. Monolithic slab: When after assembling the plates as described in the isostatic slab, a layer of concrete or reinforced concrete is poured on the plates, to obtain the monolithism of the structure, according to the general state of the technique, thus reinforcing the strength and rigidity of the plates.
    D. Assembled and monolithic slab: When after assembling the plates as described in the assembled slab, a layer of concrete or reinforced concrete is poured on the plates to obtain the monolithism of the structure, according to the general condition of the technique, thus reinforcing the strength and rigidity of the plates. twenty

    Advantages:

    The present invention has economic, structural and commissioning advantages:
     25
    1. Lower weight: The panel is lighter than most of the current state of the art solutions.
    2. Structural: The deformation that an arc or vault structure registers when entering service is negligible, so that its mechanical behavior is much better than that of a conventional plate structure working at a bending moment, in which the problem of arrow is very important, and increases with the fourth power of the light supports. Thanks to the negligible deformation of the plates object of the invention, the problem of fissures in the secondary elements of the constructions (such as partitions, roofs, etc.), a problem known as "incompatibility of deformations" between the structure and the construction elements, is eliminated .
    3. Commissioning: The structural system of the plates object of the invention is prefabricated; The 35 panels are manufactured in the workshop, transported to the installation site and mounted with cranes and equivalent systems. Its placement does not require formwork, formwork or shoring.
    4. Economic: Due to its lightness and because it is a prefabricated system, which requires less labor in situ, it is more economical in most cases than the slab systems of the current state of the art. 40
    5. Occupational safety: Since it is an authorizing system, immediately after the in situ placement of the plates object of the invention, they can be stepped on by the workers and the entire surface of the plates is closed, so that significantly reduces the risk of workers falling in height.
     Four. Five


    Description of the drawings.

    In order to complete the description and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of the present specification, in which the following is represented by way of illustration and not limitation: 5

    Figure 1 shows a perspective drawing of a pre-fabricated pre-fabricated plate in the current state of the art. Specifically an alveolar plate, supported on its edges to save a light -L- and receive actions.
     10
    Figure 2 shows a perspective drawing of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in its simplest form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant strap sheet that fastens the thrusts; and a material of upper arch filling (4) that serves to stiffen the assembly.

    Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section drawing of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); 20 two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant rod sheet that fastens the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; and a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts.
     25
    Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section drawing of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant strap sheet that fastens the thrusts; 30 an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and a lower arch filling material (6) that serves to stiffen the assembly and provide greater insulation.

    Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section drawing of the pre-fabricated pre-fabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant strap sheet that fastens the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a 40-floor top sheet (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and some arch reinforcement sheets (7) arranged on the shoulders of the arch, attached and attached to the main sheet, to provide it with greater thickness, strength and stiffness.

    Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section drawing of the pre-fabricated pre-fabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant strap sheet that fastens the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and some reinforcement ribs of the arch (8) arranged on the shoulders of the arch, attached to the main sheet, two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the sheet sturdy bow with the sturdy strap that straps the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and some reinforcement ribs of the arch (8) arranged on the shoulders of the arch, attached to the main sheet, two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the sheet sturdy bow with the sturdy strap that straps the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and some arch reinforcement ribs (8) arranged on the shoulders of the arch, attached to the main sheet,

    Figure 7 shows a longitudinal section drawing of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); 10 two pieces of plate support edge (3) on which the plate is supported and serve to join the starts of the arc resistant sheet with the resistant rod sheet that fastens the thrusts; an upper filler material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and connecting elements (9) between the lower tie sheet and the inner arc sheet, to stiffen the lower sheet and be able to receive actions hanging from the bottom surface of the plate.

    Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional drawing of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure, object of the invention, in a more complex form, which is characterized by an inner resistant sheet forming an arc (1); a sturdy bottom strip of tie rod (2); a top filling material of the arch (4) which serves to stiffen the assembly; a top sheet of floor (5) that closes the plate, receives the loads and collaborates in the thrust of the thrusts; and stiffeners on the free edges of the plate (10), so that the plate resists other actions during its transport, assembly and installation on site.
     25
    Figure 9 shows the structural model of the self-supporting prefabricated plate with an internal arc structure object of the invention, supported on its edges to save a light -L- and receiving actions, which can be uniform -q- or point -P-.

    Figure 10 shows different ways of drawing the arc of the inner resistant sheet, which can be circular recessed (a), elliptical (b), parabolic (c), catenary (d), pointed (e), triangular (f) .

    Figure 11 shows an asymmetrical path shape of the arc of the inner resistant sheet, with pointed arc geometry, to adapt to a state of point loading at the point (g).
     35
    Figure 12 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention with wood.

    Figure 13 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention with steel.

    Figure 14 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention with mixed technique of steel 40 and concrete.

    Figure 15 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention with sheet metal technique.
    Figure 16 shows an example of a preferred embodiment of the construction structure, 45 following the monolithic forging scheme, before and after concrete pouring.

    Preferred embodiments of the invention.

    In view of the aforementioned figures, preferred embodiments of the invention with various structural materials are described below, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner:
     5
    Preferred embodiment of the invention with wood (Figure 12): The inner arc resistant sheets (1), lower strut resistant (2) and upper floor (5) are made of wooden board of any of the solutions of the state of the technique, such as particle board, fiber board, plywood board, plywood board, chipboard board; metal sheets may be included in said boards, according to the general state of the art. The support edge piece (3) is made of sawn wood or laminated wood. The upper filling material of the arch (4) and the lower filling material of the arch (6) are made of polyurethane foam, polyethylene, polystyrene, mineral fibers, honeycomb cardboard or cork agglomerate. The inner arc resistant sheet has been reinforced with a reinforcement sheet (7) in the shoulder area, to increase the resistant section in the area of higher compression stresses. The joints between pieces are made according to the general state of the wood technique, with gluing and / or fittings.

    Preferred embodiment of the invention with steel (Figure 13): The inner arc resistant sheets (1), lower strut resistant (2) and upper floor (5) are made of sheet steel. The support edge piece (3) is made of steel tube. The upper arch filling material (4) is made of 20 polyurethane foam, polyethylene, polystyrene, mineral fibers, honeycomb cardboard or cork chipboard. The inner arc resistant sheet has been reinforced with reinforcement sheets (7) in the shoulder area, to increase the resistant section in the area of higher compression stresses. Plates are arranged as connecting elements (9) between the lower tie sheet and the inner arc sheet, to stiffen the lower sheet and to be able to receive actions 25 hanging from the bottom surface of the plate. The joints between pieces are made according to the general state of the art of steel, with welding or screws.

    Preferred embodiment of the invention with mixed steel and concrete technique (Figure 14): The inner arc resistant sheets (1) and lower tie bar (2) are made of sheet steel. The support edge piece (3) is a structural profile of rolled steel. The upper filler material of the arch (4) is lightweight concrete, reinforced with a welded mesh of corrugated steel bars. The inner arc resistant sheet has been reinforced with reinforcement ribs (8) in the shoulder area that join the support edge piece, to increase the resistance in the area of higher compression stresses. Plates have been arranged as connection elements (9) between the lower tie plate and the inner arc sheet, to stiffen the lower sheet and to be able to receive actions hanging from the lower surface of the plate. For the passage of facilities and other construction systems through the plate, it has perforations through the surface of the plate (11) and perforations or interruptions in the lower tie sheet (12). The joints between pieces are made according to the general state of the art of steel and reinforced concrete, with welding, 40 screws and anchors between steel and concrete.


    Preferred embodiment of the invention with sheet metal technique (Figure 15): The inner arc resistant sheets (1) and lower tie bar (2) are made of sheet steel. The piece of support edge (3) is configured with folded sheet according to the general state of the art. The upper filler material of the arch (4) is lightweight concrete. The joints between pieces are made according to the general state of the art of sheet metal, with crimping and folding, welding, screws, rivets, etc.

    Preferred embodiment of the structure of the construction, following the monolithic forging scheme (figure 16), based on the prefabricated plates object of the invention to be attached to each other, which are of mixed steel and concrete technique, and to the main structure of construction In the first of the drawings, the prefabricated prefabricated plates mounted on site are arranged, supported on the main structure, with the inner arc resistant sheets (1) and lower steel strip (2) resistant sheet; and the support edge piece (3) of a structural profile of rolled steel. The inner arc resistant sheet has been reinforced with reinforcement ribs (8) in the area of the shoulders that join the support edge piece, to increase the resistance in the area of higher compression stresses. Plates are arranged as connecting elements (9) between the lower tie sheet and the inner arc sheet, to stiffen the lower sheet and to be able to receive actions hanging from the bottom surface of the plate. For the passage of installations and other construction systems through the plate, it has perforations 15 crossing the surface of the plate (11) and perforations or interruptions in the lower tie sheet (12). The plates have perimetral connectors (13) to anchor with the concrete that will be poured later. In the second of the drawings, the upper filling of the arch (4) is observed, which is a layer of light reinforced concrete poured in situ, which gives monolithism to the structure and reinforces the strength and stiffness of the plates; This padding has an electro-welded mesh of 20 corrugated steel bars, armed with a negative moment in the area of the support and connections between profiles according to the general state of the art. The joints between pieces are made according to the general state of the art of steel and reinforced concrete, with welding, screws and anchors.
    权利要求:
    Claims (21)
    [1]

    1. Authenticated prefabricated structural plate characterized by having inside an arched sheet with another sheet. The panel is used supported on its two sides of the arc, 5 to save a light and receive loads, configuring a floor structure, for use in construction.

    [2]
    2. The pre-fabricated prefabricated structural plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc sheet and the tie sheet are made of wood, and are constructed with natural, laminated or plywood technology. 10

    [3]
    3. A pre-fabricated prefabricated structural plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc sheet and the tie sheet are made of rolled steel, and are constructed with steel technology.
     fifteen
    [4]
    4. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc sheet is made of rolled steel, and is constructed with mixed concrete-steel structure technology.

    [5]
    5. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc sheet and the tie sheet are made of sheet metal, and are constructed with metal technology.

    [6]
    6. A pre-fabricated prefabricated structural plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc sheet and the tie sheet are made of plastic materials or of plastic composites reinforced with fibers.

    [7]
    7. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that a layer of filler material is carried on the arc sheet, which may or may not collaborate in the structural paper and which serves to provide a flat surface. 30

    [8]
    8. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that it has a third sheet above the arch, which may or may not collaborate in the structural paper and which serves to provide a horizontal surface and receive loads. 35

    [9]
    9. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that under the arc sheet it carries a layer of filler material, which may or may not collaborate in the structural role.
     40
    [10]
    10. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 9 characterized in that the arc sheet has variable thickness, calculated so that the plate resists the actions to which it will be subjected.

    [11]
    11. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 10 45 characterized in that the arc sheet has a series of reinforcements or ribs, calculated so that the plate resists the actions to which it will be subjected.

    [12]
    12. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 11 characterized in that the sheets or the edges of the plate have stiffening elements, calculated so that the plate resists the actions of its transport and placement on site.
     5
    [13]
    13. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 12, characterized in that the whole of the plate has holes or perforations crossing perpendicularly its surface, designed for the passage of installations and other construction systems.
     10
    [14]
    14. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 13 characterized in that the tie sheet has holes, crevices, cuts, or interruptions, designed for the passage of facilities and other construction systems.

    [15]
    15. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any of claims 2 to 14, characterized in that the tie sheet has connecting elements to the arc sheet, designed to stiffen it and receive loads hanging from the bottom surface of the plate.

    [16]
    16. Authorsistent prefabricated structural plate according to any one of claims 2 to 15, characterized in that a series of connectors 20 are provided on the upper surface or on the side edges to leave embedded in concrete.

    [17]
    17. Flat floor structure characterized by being constructed by any of the plates described in claims 1 to 16 supported by a main structure.
     25
    [18]
    18. Forging structure according to claim 17 characterized in that the plates are joined together.

    [19]
    19. Forging structure according to claim 17 characterized in that it includes a layer of concrete or reinforced concrete on all the plates. 30

    [20]
    20. Forging structure according to claim 17 characterized in that the plates are joined together and that it includes a layer of concrete or reinforced concrete on all of them.

    [21]
    21. Flat floor structure according to any of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that the flat surface is inclined.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2632027B1|2018-08-14|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB110211A|1916-10-23|1917-10-18|Samson Avey|Improvements in Fireproof Floors.|
    GB1364118A|1970-11-27|1974-08-21|Lemming Pedersen Og Eriksson R|Prefabricated deck elemenst of reinforced concrete|
    DE2437400A1|1974-08-02|1976-02-12|Wilhelm Loebbecke|Lightweight modular segmented house ceiling system - with ceiling comprising segments with thrust and bend resistant frames|
    US4030265A|1975-10-24|1977-06-21|Allgood Jay R|Arch beams and plates|
    US4051833A|1975-11-19|1977-10-04|Vandament Daniel D|Reinforced structural panel with integral solar energy collecting array and method of producing and assembling same|
    EP0674059A1|1994-03-25|1995-09-27|LG MOUCHEL & PARTNERS LIMITED|Reinforced structural member|
    法律状态:
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